{"id":1058,"date":"2019-05-06T14:41:38","date_gmt":"2019-05-06T17:41:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/?p=1058"},"modified":"2021-12-13T14:56:35","modified_gmt":"2021-12-13T17:56:35","slug":"carta-internacional-de-derechos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/carta-internacional-de-derechos\/","title":{"rendered":"Carta Internacional de Derechos"},"content":{"rendered":"

[et_pb_section bb_built=\u00bb1″ inner_width=\u00bbauto\u00bb inner_max_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb][et_pb_row][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4″][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb3.22.5″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ z_index_tablet=\u00bb500″]<\/p>\n

Las Naciones Unidas (ONU) crearon una estructura para proteger los derechos humanos en el mundo, que se conoce como Sistema Universal de Derechos Humanos.<\/strong><\/p>\n

La base legal de este sistema es la Carta Internacional de Derechos Humanos, constituida por tres instrumentos:<\/p>\n

a) Declaraci\u00f3n Universal de los Derechos Humanos (DUDH)<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Leer en espa\u00f1ol<\/strong><\/a>
Leer en quich\u00e9<\/strong><\/a>
Leer en guaran\u00ed<\/strong><\/a>
Leer en achuar-shiwiar<\/strong><\/a>
Leer en miskito<\/strong><\/a>
Leer en a’ingae – Cof\u00e1n<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\nEs un instrumento declarativo u orientativo para las Naciones Unidas, emitido en el a\u00f1o 1948. Aunque no es obligatorio, adquiere rango constitucional en algunos pa\u00edses como Argentina y Ecuador.<\/p>\n

El texto de la DUDH fue elaborado por los ocho miembros del Comit\u00e9 de Derechos Humanos de aquel entonces, encabezados por Eleanor Roosevelt, y contiene desde los derechos civiles y pol\u00edticos (Art. 3 a 21) a los culturales, sociales y econ\u00f3micos (Art. 22 a 27), que son la base de los dos Pactos de Nueva York, que mencionaremos a continuaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

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b) Pacto Internacional de Derechos Econ\u00f3micos, Sociales y Culturales<\/strong><\/p>\n

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c) Pacto Internacional de Derechos Civiles y Pol\u00edticos<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\nEste Pacto fue adoptado por Naciones Unidas (ONU) en 1966, y entr\u00f3 en vigor una d\u00e9cada despu\u00e9s, en 1976. A excepci\u00f3n de Cuba, todos los pa\u00edses de Centro y Sudam\u00e9rica han firmado y ratificado este tratado, por lo que el mismo es vinculante o legalmente obligatorio. Es decir que establece obligaciones jur\u00eddicas de los Estados con respecto a los derechos:<\/p>\n

\u2022 A la libre determinaci\u00f3n de los pueblos
\u2022 Equidad procesal en la ley
\u2022 Protecci\u00f3n por motivos de sexo, religiosos, raciales u otras formas de discriminaci\u00f3n.
\u2022 La libertad individual de creencia, expresi\u00f3n, asociaci\u00f3n, libertad de prensa, el derecho a celebrar asamblea<\/p>\n

El Comit\u00e9 de Derechos Humanos del PIDCP es el mecanismo para tratar directamente las quejas individuales acerca de violaciones a estos derechos. Desde 1976 cuenta con dos Protocolos Facultativos (primero y segundo) que se emplean en caso de que sean violados u omitidos los derechos civiles o pol\u00edticos de las personas.<\/p>\n

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Otras Declaraciones de la ONU que se aplican a Pueblos Ind\u00edgenas<\/strong><\/p>\n

La ONU ha proclamado otros tratados universales de derechos humanos que tambi\u00e9n se aplican a pueblos ind\u00edgenas:<\/p>\n

\u2022 Convenci\u00f3n Internacional sobre la Eliminaci\u00f3n de todas las formas de Discriminaci\u00f3n Racial
\u2022 Convenci\u00f3n sobre los Derechos del Ni\u00f1o
\u2022 Convenci\u00f3n sobre la Eliminaci\u00f3n de todas las Formas de Discriminaci\u00f3n contra la Mujer
\u2022 Convenci\u00f3n contra la Tortura y otros Tratos o Penas Crueles, Inhumanos o Degradantes
\u2022 Convenci\u00f3n Internacional sobre la Protecci\u00f3n de los Derechos de todos los Trabajadores Migratorios y de sus Familias
\u2022 Convenci\u00f3n para la Prevenci\u00f3n y la Sanci\u00f3n del Delito de Genocidio en cuyo art\u00edculo II establece que se entiende por genocidio a los actos que tengan como objetivo destruir f\u00edsica o mentalmente, total o parcialmente, a un grupo nacional, \u00e9tnico, racial o religioso. Significa que los estados no pueden realizar actos que afecten la idiosincrasia o la cosmovisi\u00f3n de dichos pueblos.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image _builder_version=\u00bb3.22.5″ src=\u00bbhttps:\/\/territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/footer.jpg\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00bb500″ \/][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div> Las Naciones Unidas (ONU) crearon una estructura para proteger los derechos humanos en el mundo, que se conoce como Sistema Universal de Derechos Humanos. La base legal de este sistema es la Carta Internacional de Derechos Humanos, constituida por tres instrumentos: a) Declaraci\u00f3n Universal de los Derechos Humanos (DUDH)
\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div> Leer en espa\u00f1olLeer en […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[63],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1058"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1058"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1058\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3788,"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1058\/revisions\/3788"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1058"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1058"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1058"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}