[et_pb_section bb_built=\u00bb1″ inner_width=\u00bbauto\u00bb inner_max_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb][et_pb_row][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4″][et_pb_testimonial _builder_version=\u00bb3.22.5″ quote_icon_background_color=\u00bb#f5f5f5″ text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbtext_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbtext_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbtext_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ z_index_tablet=\u00bb500″]<\/p>\n
\nEste fallo reconoce por primera vez a los pueblos afrodescendientes como titulares de derechos ind\u00edgenas; y adopta el derecho al libre consentimiento previo, informado, y de acuerdo con las costumbres y tradiciones.<\/p>\n
[\/et_pb_testimonial][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb3.22.5″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ z_index_tablet=\u00bb500″]<\/p>\n
El pueblo Maroon Saramaka es descendiente de esclavos africanos, por lo cual, la caracter\u00edstica particular de este caso es que no se trata de ind\u00edgenas que habitaban tradicionalmente un territorio, sino de afrodescendientes que llegaron a Surinam durante la colonizaci\u00f3n. Durante un largo per\u00edodo, el Gobierno de Surinam (o sucesivos gobiernos) permitieron la deforestaci\u00f3n de vastos territorios, facilitando el acceso de empresas madereras y mineras (especialmente para la explotaci\u00f3n de la bauxita), en perjuicio de la poblaci\u00f3n ind\u00edgena, incluidos los Saramaka. Las autorizaciones para esos proyectos extractivos se otorgaron sin consulta previa, desconociendo la propiedad colectiva de los territorios, y dando lugar a la destrucci\u00f3n de sus bosques.<\/p>\n
El pueblo Saramaka llev\u00f3 el caso a la Comisi\u00f3n Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, y en el a\u00f1o 2007 la CIDH dictamin\u00f3 a favor de \u00e9stos:<\/p>\n
\u201clos pueblos tribales [como el pueblo Saramaka] comparten caracter\u00edsticas sociales, culturales y econ\u00f3micas distintivas, incluyendo la relaci\u00f3n especial con sus territorios ancestrales, por lo que requiere medidas especiales conforme al derecho internacional de los derechos humanos a fin de garantizar su supervivencia f\u00edsica y cultural. La vinculaci\u00f3n con el territorio, as\u00ed no sea milenaria, es el rasgo distintivo que convierte al grupo en sujeto de los derechos sobre un territorio ocupado pero no titulado<\/strong><\/em>, igual que en el caso de los pueblos ind\u00edgenas que han ocupado ancestralmente la tierra.\u201d<\/p>\n De este modo, reconoci\u00f3 a los afrodescendientes como titulares de derechos ind\u00edgenas.<\/p>\n En el a\u00f1o 2008 la CIDH emiti\u00f3 una nueva sentencia interpretativa, en la que por primera vez, adopt\u00f3 un est\u00e1ndar de derecho al consentimiento:<\/p>\n \u201ccuando proyectos de desarrollo o inversi\u00f3n a gran escala pudieran afectar la integridad de las tierras y recursos naturales del pueblo ind\u00edgena, el estado tiene el deber no s\u00f3lo de consultar sino tambi\u00e9n de obtener su libre consentimiento informado previo de acuerdo con sus costumbres y tradiciones\u00bb.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n \u201cLa CIDH reconoce que es el pueblo Saramaka, y no el Estado, quien debe decidir qui\u00e9n o qui\u00e9nes representar\u00e1n al pueblo Saramaka en cada proceso de consulta\u201d.<\/p>\n Para ello tuvieron como referencia lo establecido en la Declaraci\u00f3n de Naciones Unidas sobre Derechos de los Pueblos Ind\u00edgenas, lo que coloca a esta Declaraci\u00f3n entre las fuentes del derecho para la CIDH, y fortalece su car\u00e1cter jur\u00eddico frente a pa\u00edses que s\u00f3lo le otorgan valor moral.<\/p>\n Para saber m\u00e1s sobre este caso te recomendamos:<\/strong><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row][et_pb_column type=\u00bb1_3″][et_pb_image _builder_version=\u00bb3.22.5″ src=\u00bbhttp:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/images\/stories\/documento_pdf.png\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00bb500″ url=\u00bbhttp:\/\/www.politicaspublicas.net\/panel\/estandares\/cidh\/cat_view\/196-jurisprudencia-cidh-casos-derechos-indigenas.html\u00bb \/][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb3.22.5″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ z_index_tablet=\u00bb500″]<\/p>\n Sentencia de la CIDH (2007).<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00bb1_3″][et_pb_image _builder_version=\u00bb3.22.5″ src=\u00bbhttp:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/images\/stories\/documento_pdf.png\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00bb500″ url=\u00bbhttp:\/\/www.tc.gob.pe\/corte_interamericana\/seriec_185_esp.pdf\u00bb \/][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb3.22.5″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ z_index_tablet=\u00bb500″]<\/p>\n Sentencia de la CIDH (2008).<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00bb1_3″][et_pb_image _builder_version=\u00bb3.22.5″ src=\u00bbhttp:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/images\/stories\/documento_pdf.png\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00bb500″ url=\u00bbhttp:\/\/ccr6.pgr.mpf.gov.br\/documentos-e-publicacoes\/docs_artigos\/cuando-los-afrodescendientes-se-transformaron-en-201cpueblos-tribales201d\u00bb \/][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb3.22.5″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ z_index_tablet=\u00bb500″]<\/p>\n Cuando los Afrodescendientes de transformaron en \u00abPueblos Tribales\u00bb. Por Ariel E. Dulitzky. Universidad de Texas.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4″][et_pb_image _builder_version=\u00bb3.22.5″ src=\u00bbhttps:\/\/territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/footer.jpg\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00bb500″ \/][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"