{"id":1675,"date":"2019-05-08T17:53:23","date_gmt":"2019-05-08T17:53:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/?p=1675"},"modified":"2021-12-13T14:56:34","modified_gmt":"2021-12-13T17:56:34","slug":"por_03","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/por_03\/","title":{"rendered":"Marco Legal"},"content":{"rendered":"

[et_pb_section bb_built=\u00bb1″ inner_width=\u00bbauto\u00bb inner_max_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb][et_pb_row][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4″][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb3.22.7″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ z_index_tablet=\u00bb500″]<\/p>\n

Constitui\u00e7\u00e3o Federal (1988) define a Rep\u00fablica Federativa do Brasil como Uni\u00e3o indissol\u00favel dos Estados e Munic\u00edpios e do Distrito Federal e afirma que \u00abs\u00e3o reconhecidos aos \u00edndios, sua organiza\u00e7\u00e3o social, costumes, l\u00ednguas, cren\u00e7as e tradi\u00e7\u00f5es e os direitos origin\u00e1rios sobre as terras que tradicionalmente ocupam.\u201d<\/p>\n

Para saber mais sobre a Legisla\u00e7\u00e3o Brasileira, visite nossas se\u00e7\u00f5es em:
\u2022 Terra e Territ\u00f3rio, clicando Aqu\u00ed.<\/strong><\/a>
\u2022 Governan\u00e7a e Autonomia clicando Aqu\u00ed<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n

Defini\u00e7\u00e3o de \u00edndios e comunidades Ind\u00edgenas<\/strong>
O Estatuto do \u00cdndio (1973) em seu artigo 3\u00ba, define como:<\/p>\n

– \u00cdndio ou Silv\u00edcola:<\/strong> a todo indiv\u00edduo de origem pr\u00e9-colombiana que se identifica e \u00e9 identificado como pertencente a um grupo \u00e9tnico de caracter\u00edsticas culturais distintas da sociedade nacional.
– Comunidade Ind\u00edgena ou Grupo Tribal:<\/strong> ao conjunto de fam\u00edlias ou comunidades ind\u00edgenas que vivem em completo isolamento da comunidade nacional, com contatos intermitentes ou permanentes, sem estar integrados.<\/p>\n

O Art. 4 classifica como \u00edndios isolados<\/strong> (os que vivem em grupos desconhecidos ou de quem se tem pouca informa\u00e7\u00e3o, por causa dos escassos contatos com a comunidade nacional); em vias de integra\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong> ( aqueles com contato intermitente ou permanente, conservam suas condi\u00e7\u00f5es de vida nativa, mas aceitam algumas pr\u00e1ticas e modos de vida comuns a outros setores da comunidade nacional); e integrados<\/strong> ( aqueles que est\u00e3o incorporados \u00e0 comunidade nacional e reconhecidos no pleno exerc\u00edcio de seus direitos civis, apesar de manterem usos , costumes e tradi\u00e7\u00f5es de sua cultura).<\/p>\n

Quais s\u00e3o os instrumentos do Sistema Universal de Direitos Humanos que est\u00e3o vigentes no Brasil?<\/strong><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row][et_pb_column type=\u00bb1_3″][et_pb_image _builder_version=\u00bb3.22.5″ src=\u00bbhttp:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/images\/stories\/ECUADOR\/imagen_oit.jpg\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00bb500″ \/][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00bb2_3″][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb3.22.7″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ z_index_tablet=\u00bb500″]<\/p>\n

\u2022 Conven\u00e7\u00e3o 169 da OIT<\/strong>
Foi ratificada em 25 de julho de 2002, assim como as resolu\u00e7\u00f5es dos comit\u00eas de queixas da OIT sobre o cumprimento da Conven\u00e7\u00e3o.
Em mar\u00e7o de 2012, a Comiss\u00e3o de Especialistas na Aplica\u00e7\u00e3o de Conven\u00e7\u00f5es e Recomenda\u00e7\u00f5es da OIT publicou um relat\u00f3rio sobre a viola\u00e7\u00e3o do direito \u00e0 consulta dos Povos Ind\u00edgenas e a Conven\u00e7\u00e3o 169 no Brasil. O relat\u00f3rio confirma que o Estado deve consultar os Povos Ind\u00edgenas das margens do rio Xingu, antes da constru\u00e7\u00e3o da represa de Belo Monte. Para ler o documento, clique Aqu\u00ed<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n

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\u2022 Pactos Internacionais de Direitos Econ\u00f4micos, Sociais e Culturais (PIDESC) e dos Direitos Civis e Pol\u00edticos (PIDCP)<\/strong>
Em 24 de janeiro de 1992, o Brasil assinou os Pactos Internacionais (PIDESC e PIDCP) e o Protocolo Facultativo do PIDCP. Mas at\u00e9 o momento n\u00e3o assinou o Protocolo Facultativo do PIDESC, que permite apresentar denuncias sobre a viola\u00e7\u00e3o de direitos econ\u00f4micos, sociais e culturais nas Na\u00e7\u00f5es Unidas.<\/p>\n

Para ler as observa\u00e7\u00f5es do Relator Especial, James Anaya, sobre a situa\u00e7\u00e3o de direitos humanos e liberdades fundamentais dos povos ind\u00edgenas no Brasil (2009) clique Aqu\u00ed<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n

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\u2022 Declara\u00e7\u00e3o das Na\u00e7\u00f5es Unidas sobre Povos Ind\u00edgenas<\/strong>
Adotada em 13 de setembro de 2007, atrav\u00e9s do seu representante Piragibe dos Santos Tarrago, que observou que \u201co Brasil enfatiza que o exerc\u00edcio dos direitos dos Povos Ind\u00edgenas deve ser consistente com a soberania e a integridade territorial dos Estados onde residem\u201d.<\/p>\n

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\nQuais s\u00e3o os instrumentos do Sistema Interamericano de Direitos Humanos que est\u00e3o vigentes no Brasil?<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row][et_pb_column type=\u00bb1_3″][et_pb_image _builder_version=\u00bb3.22.5″ src=\u00bbhttp:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/images\/stories\/ECUADOR\/imagen_comision%20interamericana%20de%20ddhh.jpg\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00bb500″ \/][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00bb2_3″][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb3.22.7″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ul_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ ol_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ quote_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ z_index_tablet=\u00bb500″]<\/p>\n

\u2022 Relat\u00f3rios da Comiss\u00e3o Interamericana de Direitos Humanos (CIDH) e observa\u00e7\u00f5es gerais e julgamentos da Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos (Corte IDH)<\/strong>
O Brasil \u00e9 parte da Conven\u00e7\u00e3o Americana de Direitos Humanos (CADH) desde 1992, do Protocolo de San Salvador desde 1996 e de todos os tratados que integram o Sistema Interamericano de Prote\u00e7\u00e3o dos Direitos Humanos. Por sua vez, aceita a jurisdi\u00e7\u00e3o da Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos.<\/p>\n

Para saber mais sobre os julgamentos da Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos, visite nossa se\u00e7\u00e3o Decis\u00f5es da CIDH, clicando Aqu\u00ed<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n

Para ler as medidas cautelares emitidas pela Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos no caso da hidrel\u00e9trica de Belo Monte, clique Aqu\u00ed<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n

Para ler o Cap\u00edtulo \u00abOs Direitos Humanos dos Povos Ind\u00edgenas no Brasil,\u00bb do Relat\u00f3rio sobre a Situa\u00e7\u00e3o dos Direitos Humanos no Brasil (1997), clique Aqu\u00ed<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4″][et_pb_image _builder_version=\u00bb3.22.5″ src=\u00bbhttps:\/\/territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/footer.jpg\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00bb500″ \/][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div> Constitui\u00e7\u00e3o Federal (1988) define a Rep\u00fablica Federativa do Brasil como Uni\u00e3o indissol\u00favel dos Estados e Munic\u00edpios e do Distrito Federal e afirma que \u00abs\u00e3o reconhecidos aos \u00edndios, sua organiza\u00e7\u00e3o social, costumes, l\u00ednguas, cren\u00e7as e tradi\u00e7\u00f5es e os direitos origin\u00e1rios sobre as terras que tradicionalmente ocupam.\u201dPara saber mais sobre a Legisla\u00e7\u00e3o Brasileira, visite nossas se\u00e7\u00f5es […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1675"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1675"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1675\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3755,"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1675\/revisions\/3755"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1675"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1675"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1675"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}