{"id":885,"date":"2019-05-03T19:48:20","date_gmt":"2019-05-03T22:48:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/?p=885"},"modified":"2021-12-13T14:56:34","modified_gmt":"2021-12-13T17:56:34","slug":"industrias-extractivas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/industrias-extractivas\/","title":{"rendered":"Industrias Extractivas"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section bb_built=\u00bb1&#8243; inner_width=\u00bbauto\u00bb inner_max_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb][et_pb_row][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4&#8243;][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb3.22.5&#8243; text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; text_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; text_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; link_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; link_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ul_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ul_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ol_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ol_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; quote_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; quote_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; z_index_tablet=\u00bb500&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p>Las industrias extractivas son aquellas que se dedican a extraer y explotar los recursos del subsuelo: minerales, gas y petr\u00f3leo.<\/p>\n<p>La miner\u00eda y la explotaci\u00f3n de hidrocarburos son las actividades econ\u00f3micas que m\u00e1s conflictos han generado entre las comunidades ind\u00edgenas, el Estado y las empresas, durante las \u00faltimas d\u00e9cadas. En Am\u00e9rica Latina, aunque los pueblos ind\u00edgenas sean due\u00f1os de sus territorios, los Estados se reservan la propiedad del subsuelo, concesion\u00e1ndolo a empresas que extraen esos valiosos recursos.<\/p>\n<p>En este mapa se observa la ubicaci\u00f3n de las empresas extractivas (representadas con tri\u00e1ngulos) en Am\u00e9rica Latina. Se observa que la gran mayor\u00eda se encuentra en territorios ind\u00edgenas (zonas de colores amarillo y celeste).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Mapas de Etnias y Concesiones Extractivas en Latinoam\u00e9rica<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image _builder_version=\u00bb3.22.5&#8243; src=\u00bbhttp:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/images\/stories\/Amenazas\/mapa%20de%20extractivas%20en%20latinoamerica_editado.jpg\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00bb500&#8243; align=\u00bbcenter\u00bb \/][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb3.22.5&#8243; text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; text_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; text_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; link_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; link_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ul_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ul_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ol_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ol_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; quote_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; quote_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; z_index_tablet=\u00bb500&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Fuente: Oil Watch.<\/p>\n<p>Generalmente, los Estados otorgan estas concesiones a la industria extractiva sin cumplir con el Derecho de los Pueblos Ind\u00edgenas a la Consulta y al Consentimiento Previo Libre e Informado. Y este Derecho es a\u00fan menos respetado en el caso de aquellos territorios ind\u00edgenas que a\u00fan no han sido titulados.<\/p>\n<p>Esto ocurre a\u00fan cuando existe un marco legal espec\u00edfico al respecto:<\/p>\n<p>&#x2666; <strong>Derecho al Territorio:<\/strong> en el Convenio 169 de la OIT (ver secci\u00f3n), en la Declaraci\u00f3n de Naciones Unidas sobre los Derechos de los Pueblos Ind\u00edgenas (ver secci\u00f3n), y en el Fallo de la CIDH a favor de la Comunidad Sawhoyamaxa vs. Paraguay que establece que la posesi\u00f3n tradicional de los ind\u00edgenas sobre las tierras es equivalente al t\u00edtulo de propiedad que otorgan los Estados (ver secci\u00f3n).<\/p>\n<p>&#x2666; <strong>Derecho a la Consulta y al Consentimiento Libre, Previo e Informado:<\/strong> en el Convenio 169 de la OIT (ver secci\u00f3n) y en la Declaraci\u00f3n de Naciones Unidas sobre los Derechos de los Pueblos Ind\u00edgenas (ver secci\u00f3n).<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row][et_pb_column type=\u00bb2_5&#8243;][et_pb_image _builder_version=\u00bb3.22.5&#8243; src=\u00bbhttp:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/images\/stories\/vinetas\/ilustracion%202_258px.jpg\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00bb500&#8243; \/][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00bb3_5&#8243;][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb3.22.7&#8243; text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; text_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; text_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; link_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; link_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ul_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ul_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ol_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ol_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; quote_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; quote_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; z_index_tablet=\u00bb500&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p>Los impactos negativos de las industrias extractivas en los territorios ind\u00edgenas se relacionan con <strong>la contaminaci\u00f3n ambiental, de sus tierras y r\u00edos<\/strong> (con plomo, ars\u00e9nico, mercurio y otros metales como consecuencia de la miner\u00eda; y con hidrocarburos por la ruptura de oleoductos petroleros); la<strong> deforestaci\u00f3n para crear v\u00edas de penetraci\u00f3n e instalaciones; <\/strong>y las<strong> modificaciones en sus pr\u00e1cticas tradicionales de convivencia con la Naturaleza.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Las empresas tambi\u00e9n afectan las formas de vida de los Pueblos Ind\u00edgenas a trav\u00e9s de su asalariamiento, a menudo en campamentos, aislados durante meses de sus familias; y a la gobernanza, debilitando la organizaci\u00f3n interna de los pueblos mediante la cooptaci\u00f3n de algunos dirigentes, lo cual se traduce a menudo en divisiones y conflictos internos.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4&#8243;][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb3.22.7&#8243; text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; text_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; text_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; link_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; link_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ul_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ul_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ol_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ol_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; quote_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; quote_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; z_index_tablet=\u00bb500&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p>Las industrias vulneran as\u00ed <strong>derechos econ\u00f3micos, sociales y culturales de los pueblos ind\u00edgenas<\/strong> [ver secci\u00f3n del PIDESC], toda vez que producen consecuencias sociales negativas como:<\/p>\n<p>&#x2666; Efectos sobre la salud de ni\u00f1os y adultos: problemas de piel, dolores de cabeza excesivos, intoxicaci\u00f3n con plomo y ars\u00e9nico, y enfermedades respiratorias.<\/p>\n<p>&#x2666; Amenazas a la seguridad alimentaria por la contaminaci\u00f3n y destrucci\u00f3n de vegetales, peces y animales que aseguran su subsistencia; por la contaminaci\u00f3n y reducci\u00f3n del acceso al agua y por el desplazamiento de sus tierras.<\/p>\n<p>Un caso emblem\u00e1tico de los da\u00f1os ambientales y los efectos negativos que las empresas extractivas ejercen sobre la gobernanza, es el de los Kichwa de Sarayaku (Pastaza, Ecuador) quienes teniendo sus territorios titulados, sufrieron violaciones a sus derechos por la actividad petrolera. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/images\/stories\/pdf\/sarayaku_3_subido.pdf\"><em><strong>Para saber m\u00e1s sobre este caso puedes leer este documento<\/strong><\/em><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>El caso fue elevado a la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, que en Julio de 2012, sentenci\u00f3 al Estado de Ecuador a indemnizar con un mill\u00f3n cuatrocientos mil d\u00f3lares al pueblo Kichua de Sarayaku, por los da\u00f1os causados por la actividad petrol\u00edfera en sus territorios, que se desarroll\u00f3 sin mediar procesos de Consulta y Consentimiento Libres Previos e Informados. Para saber m\u00e1s sobre la sentencia, haz click Aqu\u00ed.<br \/>El 5 de Octubre de 2011, los Shuar declararon p\u00fablicamente, ante el Gobierno Nacional de Ecuador, la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, la ONU y la Comisi\u00f3n permanente de Asuntos Ind\u00edgenas, su rechazo a las actividades extractivas mineras e hidroel\u00e9ctricas, que atentan el ecosistema, la biodiversidad, la cultura y la vida consuetudinaria de los Shuar. <a href=\"https:\/\/opsur.wordpress.com\/2011\/10\/14\/ecuador-pueblo-shuar-llama-a-minga-en-defensa-de-los-derechos-colectivos\/\"><em><strong>Para leer la Declaraci\u00f3n completa, haz click Aqu\u00ed.<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>Para saber m\u00e1s sobre la Amenaza que las Industrias Extractivas representan para los territorios y gobernanza ind\u00edgenas, te recomendamos:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#x2666; Pueblos Ind\u00edgenas e Industria (2007). Ficha descriptiva del Foro Permanente para las cuestiones ind\u00edgenas de la ONU (2007). Los pueblos Ind\u00edgenas en sus propias voces. <a href=\"https:\/\/opsur.wordpress.com\/2011\/10\/14\/ecuador-pueblo-shuar-llama-a-minga-en-defensa-de-los-derechos-colectivos\/\"><em><strong>Leer documento completo<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&#x2666; Informe de SURVIVAL sobre el caso de Repsol YPF en el Lote 39 de la Amazon\u00eda Peruana. <a href=\"http:\/\/assets.survivalinternational.org\/documents\/596\/si-repsolreport2011.pdf\"><em><strong>Leer documento completo<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&#x2666; Observatorio Latinoamericano de Conflictos Sociales. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.olca.cl\/oca\/index.htm\"><em><strong>Ver web<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&#x2666; MAIPPA: Articulaci\u00f3n por un movimiento de afectados por la industria petrolera en Pa\u00edses Amaz\u00f3nicos.<\/p>\n<p>&#x2666;\u00a0 Observatorio Boliviano de Industrias Extractivas.<\/p>\n<p>&#x2666; Oil Watch: red mundial que observa las actividades petroleras en los pa\u00edses tropicales; y sus secciones Petr\u00f3leo en Sudam\u00e9rica y Noticias sobre conflictos petroleros en Latinoam\u00e9rica hasta el a\u00f1o 2006.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4&#8243;][et_pb_image _builder_version=\u00bb3.22.5&#8243; src=\u00bbhttps:\/\/territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/footer.jpg\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00bb500&#8243; \/][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"et_pb_row et_pb_row_0 et_pb_row_empty\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div> Las industrias extractivas son aquellas que se dedican a extraer y explotar los recursos del subsuelo: minerales, gas y petr\u00f3leo. La miner\u00eda y la explotaci\u00f3n de hidrocarburos son las actividades econ\u00f3micas que m\u00e1s conflictos han generado entre las comunidades ind\u00edgenas, el Estado y las empresas, durante las \u00faltimas d\u00e9cadas. En Am\u00e9rica Latina, aunque los [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[46],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/885"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=885"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/885\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3807,"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/885\/revisions\/3807"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=885"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=885"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=885"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}