{"id":900,"date":"2019-05-03T20:02:07","date_gmt":"2019-05-03T23:02:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/?p=900"},"modified":"2021-12-13T14:56:35","modified_gmt":"2021-12-13T17:56:35","slug":"industria-maderera","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/industria-maderera\/","title":{"rendered":"Industria Maderera"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section bb_built=\u00bb1&#8243; inner_width=\u00bbauto\u00bb inner_max_width=\u00bbnone\u00bb][et_pb_row][et_pb_column type=\u00bb3_5&#8243;][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb3.22.5&#8243; text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; text_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; text_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; link_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; link_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ul_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ul_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ol_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ol_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; quote_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; quote_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; z_index_tablet=\u00bb500&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p>\nLa madera es un recurso tradicionalmente explotado en los bosques de todo el mundo. A lo largo de siglos, los Pueblos Ind\u00edgenas han desarrollado sus formas de \u201cgesti\u00f3n\u201d de los bosques, sustentables y resultantes en la conservaci\u00f3n de la biodiversidad. En este sentido, han cumplido y cumplen un rol fundamental en la protecci\u00f3n de la selva, y la mitigaci\u00f3n del cambio clim\u00e1tico.<\/p>\n<p>Las empresas suelen aprovechar s\u00f3lo las especies con valor comercial, como el cedro y la caoba, sin respetar los tama\u00f1os m\u00ednimos de corta normatizados, en lo que se conoce como el \u201cdescreme\u201d del bosque o silvicultura \u201cminera\u201d, que degrada y empobrece el ecosistema.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00bb2_5&#8243;][et_pb_image _builder_version=\u00bb3.22.5&#8243; src=\u00bbhttp:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/images\/stories\/Amenazas\/maderera_monte%20verde_258pxchris.jpg\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00bb500&#8243; \/][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb3.22.5&#8243; text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; text_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; text_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; link_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; link_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ul_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ul_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ol_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ol_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; quote_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; quote_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; z_index_tablet=\u00bb500&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p>Fotograf\u00eda: Chris Van Dam. Iniciativa Territorio Ind\u00edgena y Gobernanza.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4&#8243;][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb3.22.5&#8243; text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; text_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; text_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; link_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; link_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ul_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ul_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ol_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ol_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; quote_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; quote_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbquote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbheader_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; z_index_tablet=\u00bb500&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p>Esta forma insostenible de manejo las lleva a avanzar permanentemente sobre nuevas \u00e1reas, e inevitablemente sobre los territorios ind\u00edgenas, que en algunos lugares son los \u00fanicos que a\u00fan tienen bosques bien conservados. Existen muchas denuncias de empresas que entran ilegalmente en tierras y comunidades ind\u00edgenas, o hacen convenios y contratos lesivos a sus intereses, o corrompen funcionarios de gobierno que terminan otorg\u00e1ndoles concesiones madereras o permisos de extracci\u00f3n en territorios tradicionalmente ocupados por pueblos ind\u00edgenas. Un ejemplo es el de la empresa Endesa-Botrosa en Ecuador, que en 1998 obtuvo a trav\u00e9s del Instituto Nacional de Desarrollo Agrario, la concesi\u00f3n de 3.123 hect\u00e1reas del bosque \u00abEl Pambilar\u00bb en la provincia de Esmeraldas. En el 2000, el Ministerio del Ambiente confirm\u00f3 que el 90% de esas tierras eran Patrimonio Forestal del Estado y hab\u00edan sido adjudicadas ilegalmente. Sin embargo, la empresa continu\u00f3 desplazando a comunidades campesinas, ind\u00edgenas y afroecuatorianas para talar los \u00e1rboles. Su accionar culmin\u00f3 con el secuestro de Jos\u00e9 Aguilar en Octubre de 2010, para obtener su firma cediendo sus tierras a la empresa. Luego de denunciar p\u00fablicamente su secuestro, Jos\u00e9 Aguilar y su esposa fueron hallados muertos; acto que desat\u00f3 una masiva protesta social, ante la cual, El Pambilar fue declarado como \u00c1rea Protegida en Marzo de 2010.<\/p>\n<p>Tambi\u00e9n son frecuentes los intentos de algunas empresas por cooptar a dirigentes ind\u00edgenas, lo cual incrementa los conflictos al interior de las comunidades y organizaciones; e incluso de enga\u00f1ar a las autoridades tradicionales para obtener permisos de explotaci\u00f3n forestal. Un caso recientemente denunciado es el de la empresa Forestal Amazonas en Iquitos (Per\u00fa), que falsamente, ofrec\u00eda a los Apus (autoridades tradicionales ind\u00edgenas) del Alto Napo, la renovaci\u00f3n u obtenci\u00f3n de T\u00edtulos de propiedad de sus tierras, a cambio de la concesi\u00f3n de los recursos maderables. Bajo esas falsas promesas, algunos Apus eran trasladados hasta la Ciudad de Iquitos para firmar documentos de concesi\u00f3n de sus recursos forestales. Este caso fue denunciado en Mayo de 2011 por la Organizaci\u00f3n ORKIWAN, integrada por 30 comunidades de la zona.<\/p>\n<p>Esto sucede en un marco en el que, a pesar de las normativas que promueven un Manejo y Aprovechamiento responsable del bosque, los Estados tienen una baja capacidad para verificar el cumplimiento de estos planes, especialmente en zonas aisladas y de dif\u00edcil acceso.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image _builder_version=\u00bb3.22.5&#8243; src=\u00bbhttps:\/\/territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/footer.jpg\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00bb500&#8243; \/][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"et_pb_row et_pb_row_0 et_pb_row_empty\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div> La madera es un recurso tradicionalmente explotado en los bosques de todo el mundo. A lo largo de siglos, los Pueblos Ind\u00edgenas han desarrollado sus formas de \u201cgesti\u00f3n\u201d de los bosques, sustentables y resultantes en la conservaci\u00f3n de la biodiversidad. En este sentido, han cumplido y cumplen un rol fundamental en la protecci\u00f3n de [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[46],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/900"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=900"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/900\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3806,"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/900\/revisions\/3806"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=900"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=900"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.territorioindigenaygobernanza.com\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=900"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}